Forty Acres and a Mule【電子書籍】[ Walter Lynwood Fleming ]
＜p＞＜strong＞"Fleming declared unambiguously that the expectations of blacks were justified by policies of the Government and the actions of its agents." - ＜em＞From Here to Equality, Reparations for Black Americans (2020)＜/em＞＜br /＞ "In...'Forty Acres and a Mule,' Walter L. Fleming, Professor of History in the University of West Virginia, writes...promises ... made to the negroes during the Civil War...led to false hopes and bitter disappointments." ＜em＞Buffalo Commercial, May 12, 1906＜/em＞＜br /＞ "Fleming, Walter L. 'Forty Acres and a Mule'...(May 1906)...President Johnson's liberal pardons allowed whites to reclaim their land, but the concept of land redistribution did not die." ＜em＞Reconstruction in the United States: An Annotated Bibliography (2000)＜/em＞＜br /＞ "Professor Walter Fleming wrote the classic history of Reconstruction...he spared no pains in telling how ridiculous were these fantastic aspirations." ? ＜em＞Opportunity (1934)＜/em＞＜br /＞ "In...'Forty Acres and a Mule,' Walter L. Fleming, Professor of History in the University of West Virginia, writes...promises ... made to the negroes during the Civil War...led to false hopes and bitter disappointments." ＜em＞Buffalo Commercial, May 12, 1906＜/em＞＜/strong＞＜/p＞ ＜p＞What is the truth behind alleged promises of forty acres and a mule made to former slaves during the Civil War, and who had the actual authority to make any such promises?＜/p＞ ＜p＞In May 1906, Walter Lynwood Fleming (1874?1932), Professor of History in the University of West Virginia, sheds light on the controversial topic of reparations in his short 20-page publication titled "Forty Acres and a Mule."＜br /＞ In introducing this work, Fleming writes:＜/p＞ ＜p＞"For several years after the close of the Civil War, the negroes of the South believed that the estates of the whites were to be confiscated by the Washington Government, and that each negro head of a family would obtain from the property thus confiscated "forty acres and a mule." Some old negroes still believe that the homestead and the mule will be given to them. This belief has often, especially in late years, been ridiculed."＜/p＞ ＜p＞About the author:＜/p＞ ＜p＞Walter Lynwood Fleming was born on a plantation at Brundidge, Alabama, on April 8, 1874, and died in 1932. He was an American historian of the South and Reconstruction. He was a leader of the Dunning School of scholars in the early 20th century, who addressed Reconstruction era history using historiographical technique. In his early career from 1903 to 1907, Fleming taught history at West Virginia University, and from 1907 to 1917 at Louisiana State University. While Woodrow Wilson was president of Princeton University, he tried to attract Fleming from Louisiana to his institution, offering him a professorship, which the latter declined. In 1917, Fleming was called to a chair in history at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. He taught undergraduate and graduate students, mentoring numerous PhDs. Many of them later led history programs at colleges across the South. He became Dean of the Vanderbilt College of Arts and Sciences in 1923 and later Director of the Graduate School. A prolific writer, he published ten books and 166 articles and reviews.＜/p＞画面が切り替わりますので、しばらくお待ち下さい。
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